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Pakistan is a country in South Asia that Iran borders to the southwest, Afghanistan to the west, China to the northeast, India to the east, and the Arabian Sea to the south.
Pakistan has four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). Each province has its own capital city.
The provincial capital of Sindh is Karachi, which is the largest city in Pakistan and is located on the coast of the Arabian Sea. Karachi is also Pakistan's financial and industrial hub.
The provincial capital of Punjab is Lahore, which is the second-largest city in Pakistan and is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. Lahore is also an important centre for education and tourism.
The provincial capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) is Peshawar, which is one of the oldest cities in South Asia and is located near the Khyber Pass. Peshawar is also a major centre for trade and commerce.
The provincial capital of Balochistan is Quetta, the largest city in Balochistan and located near the border with Afghanistan. Quetta is also an important centre for agriculture and mining.
Pakistan shares borders with four countries: Iran to the southwest, Afghanistan to the west, China to the northeast, and India to the east.
India borders Pakistan to the east and is separated from Pakistan by the Line of Control (LoC) in the disputed region of Kashmir.
Afghanistan borders Pakistan to the west and is separated from Pakistan by the Durand Line, which is a 2,430-kilometer-long border that was established by the British in 1893.
Iran borders Pakistan to the southwest and is separated from Pakistan by the Balochistan plateau, which is a mountainous region that is sparsely populated.
China borders Pakistan to the northeast and is separated from Pakistan by the Karakoram Mountains. The two countries are connected by the Khunjerab Pass, which is the highest paved international border crossing in the world.
The Wakhan Corridor is a narrow strip of land in northeastern Afghanistan that separates Pakistan from Tajikistan. As a result, Pakistan and Tajikistan do not share a border.
The Khyber Pass is a mountain pass in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan that connects Pakistan with Afghanistan. It is an important trade route between the two countries.
The Wagah border is a border crossing between India and Pakistan that is located near Lahore. It is the only land crossing between the two countries and is used for trade and transportation.
Zahedan is a city in southeastern Iran that is connected to Pakistan by a road that passes through the Balochistan plateau. The road is an important trade route between the two countries.
A pass is a road that is constructed in the mountains to connect one place to another. In Pakistan, passes such as the Khunjerab Pass and the Khyber Pass are important trade routes that connect Pakistan with neighbouring countries.
The Durand Line is a 2,430-kilometer-long border between Pakistan and Afghanistan established by the British in 1893. It is the longest border of Pakistan and is a source of tension between the two countries.
The latitude of Pakistan ranges from 24 degrees in the south to 37 degrees in the north. This means that Pakistan is located in the subtropical and tropical regions of the world.
The longitude of Pakistan ranges from 61 degrees in the west to 76 degrees in the east. This means that Pakistan is located in the eastern hemisphere of the world.
Image Taken from: http://www.surveyofpakistan.gov.pk/Detail/MTUzYWU5ZGItNTA4NS00MDlkLWFlODctNTRkY2JmNWI0Mjg2
Notes by Miss Sadia Ashraf (2021), compiled by Rayyan Jamil Khan of Class X-T Karachi Grammar School - Middle Section. The notes have been enhanced by AI
This topic is a part of the Cambridge Pakistan Studies Paper 2
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